What are the Applications of metal cutting machines?
Publishing time.
Oct 27,2020
The metal cutting machine uses a high-energy density laser beam to heat the workpiece during gasification cutting, causing the temperature of the workpiece to rise rapidly. In a very short time, the material reaches its boiling point, and it begins to evaporate, forming steam. This steam is ejected at high speed to create cuts in the material. Since some materials require a lot of heat for gasification, the power required for laser gasification in metal cutting machines is very high. The use of lasers for gasification cutting is mainly applied in cutting extremely thin metal or non-metal materials.
1. Laser Vaporization Cutting
When the metal cutting machine performs vaporization cutting, it uses a high energy density laser beam to heat the workpiece, causing the temperature of the workpiece to rise rapidly. In a very short time, the material reaches its boiling point, and the material begins to evaporate to form vapor. This vapor is ejected at high speed to create a cut in the material. Since some materials require a lot of heat for vaporization, the power required for laser vaporization in metal cutting machines is very large. The use of lasers for vaporization cutting is mainly applied to cutting extremely thin metal or non-metal materials.
2. Laser Melting Cutting
In laser melting cutting, the metal material is melted by laser heating, and then non-oxidizing gases (such as argon, helium, nitrogen, etc.) are ejected through a nozzle coaxial with the beam, discharging liquid metal under the strong pressure of the gas to form a notch. This melting cutting does not require the metal to be completely melted, but only requires one-tenth of the melting capability. The laser melting cutting method is mainly applied to cutting some reactive metals or non-oxidizing materials.
3. Laser Oxygen Cutting
The principle of oxygen cutting in metal cutting machines is similar to that of oxy-acetylene cutting. It uses laser as the preheating heat source and oxygen as the cutting gas. The cutting speed of the laser oxygen method is much higher than that of laser vaporization cutting and melting cutting. Laser oxygen cutting is mainly used for cutting some easily oxidizable materials.
4. Laser Scribing and Controlled Fracture
The laser scribing of the metal cutting machine scans the surface of brittle materials with high energy density into small grooves, and then applies a certain pressure, causing the brittle material to crack along the small grooves. Laser scribing is commonly used with Q lasers and CO2 lasers. It utilizes the local thermal stress generated by the laser cutting groove material to create a local thermal stress distribution along the groove.Q激光器和CO2激光器。利用激光切槽材料产生的局部热应力，使材料沿沟槽产生局部热应力分布。
Laser cutting technology is fundamentally different from other thermal cutting methods. Laser cutting machines concentrate light into a high-density beam. Laser cutting technology differs from other thermal cutting methods.
Compared with other thermal cutting methods, laser cutting technology has obvious advantages, characterized by fast cutting speed and high quality. Good cutting quality: laser cutting has a small spot size, high energy density, fast cutting speed, and good cutting quality. The cutting holes are narrow, and the dimensional accuracy of the cut parts can reach Size 0.05mm, with a smooth and aesthetically pleasing cutting surface, and a surface roughness of only a few microns. Even laser cutting can serve as a subsequent process. The cut seams can be welded without further processing, and the parts can be used directly. After laser cutting, the width of the heat-affected zone is very small, and it has almost no impact on the material's properties.0.05mm，切割表面光洁美观，表面粗糙度仅几十微米。甚至激光切割也可以作为后一种工艺。切缝不需进一步加工即可焊接，零件可直接使用。激光切割后，热影响区的宽度很小，对材料的性能几乎没有影响。
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