The working principle of a laser cutting machine
Publishing time.
Oct 09,2020
The laser cutting machine, as an emerging tool, is increasingly mature in its application across various industries, including laser cutting machines, laser engraving machines, laser welding machines, etc. So how exactly do you use laser cutting, and how do you distinguish the quality of laser cutting?
As an emerging tool, laser cutting machines are increasingly mature in various industries, including laser cutting machines, laser engraving machines, laser welding machines, etc. So how to use laser cutting, and how to distinguish the quality of laser cutting?
First, the energy of the laser is concentrated into a high-density light beam in the form of light. The beam is transmitted to the work surface, generating enough heat to melt the material. Additionally, the laser beam directly removes the molten metal, achieving the purpose of cutting.
The laser beam emitted by the generator of the laser cutting machine is focused into a high power density laser beam irradiation state through the optical system. The heat of the laser is absorbed by the workpiece material, and after reaching the boiling point, the material begins to vaporize and form holes. Under the action of high-pressure airflow, as the relative position of the beam and the workpiece moves, the material ultimately forms a slit.
The cutting process parameters of the laser cutting machine (cutting speed, laser power, gas pressure, etc.) and the motion trajectory are controlled by the CNC system. The slag at the slit is blown away by auxiliary gas with a certain pressure. Generally, its standards can be measured by the following six criteria.
Laser is a light produced by atomic (molecular or ionic) transitions and spontaneous radiation, similar to other luminous substances in nature. Although laser is light, it differs from ordinary light in that it relies solely on spontaneous radiation over a very short period, and the subsequent process is entirely determined by stimulated emission. Therefore, lasers have very pure colors, almost no divergence directionality, and high luminous intensity.
At the same time, lasers have high coherence and high directivity. After the laser is generated, it is emitted by mirrors and focused onto the workpiece, causing the workpiece (surface) to receive intense thermal energy, rapidly increasing the temperature, causing points to quickly melt or vaporize due to high temperatures, thus achieving the purpose of processing along the trajectory of the laser head.
For each working mode of the laser cutting machine, we have some differences in the operation process. Laser engraving: mainly performed on the surface of the object, divided into bitmap engraving and loss engraving: Bitmap engraving: we first hang the image to be engraved inPhotoshopand convert it to monochromeBMPformat, and then open the graphic file in dedicated laser engraving cutting software.
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